Keep in Mind

Earth thought to be 4.3 -4.5 Billion years ago.

Life evolved 3.8billion years

500 Million years for life between when earth formed and first life.

New Classification

• Common Ancestor
• Slime Mould
• True Slime Mould
• Brown Algaea
• Plants
• Green Animals(+human)
• Fungi

Many of the organisms Linnaeus Classified as plants are know known as fungi. Organisms Linnaeus classified as fungi are in separate parts on the Eukarya lines. An example is the Slime Molds and the True Slime Molds. Brown Algae also used to be classified as part of the fungi. Brown Algae seems to be the group that causes diseases in plants.

Fungi Facts

• Fungi have been around for 500million years.
• 1.5million of fungi exist.
• Discovered 200,000 too far
• 1million to be discovered so far
• Many are being destroyed in the amazon
• Fungi come in an amazing variety
• Smell Very different
• Truffles cost 2000$ a pound, smell horrible, delicious

Group Characteristics (there are exceptions)

• Fungi are non motile
• Generally Filamentous (series of cells connected) though they can be unicellular (like yeast).
• They gain nutrients by living in their food.
• They secrete proteins and enzymes which digest(break down) their environment then the material absorbs it
• Outside cell wall made of :
  wchitin. We also see chitin in insects.
• Lifecycle generally involves structures known as :
  wSpores, which are single cells which can give rise to a mature organism.
• Lifecycle of the fungi can be both :
  wSexual and Asexual.

Fungi along with Heterotrophic Bacteria take complicated organic compounds like cellulose and starch, and break them down. They release carbon dioxide and release minerals into the ground. As necessary for life as plants. Fungus's can digest any organic compound. Although annoying in the fact they can eat your fence they're useful for the same reasons. The most known is using yeast to make alcohol. Also yeast is used in baking. Fungi's were valued because it helped make cheese.

Blue cheese veins are actually billions and billions of fungal spores.

Fungi secret weak acids like citric acids so that only they can consume it.

Aminita Mushroom or, The Death Angel, has an extremely strong toxin. Toxin is not destroyed by cooking. Person feels no effects for 8-12 hours. Destroys liver. Only option is liver transplant.

Penicillium is a good fungus =). Kills bacteria, without effect to humans (unless allergic).

Cyclosporin purified from fungi, used to prevent rejection when a person has organ transplants.

Fungi are responsible for many human diseases.

Diaper rash is due to a fungus.

Opportunistic fungi can take over the body when the immune system is compromised (AIDS/age).

Fungi that grow on peanuts produces a compound known as Aflatoxin fungi, that is very toxic. People with Hepatitis B or C taking Aflatoxin can bring about liver cancer.

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